A Comprehensive Guide to ADHD Treatment

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting children and adults. Fortunately, there are many ADHD treatments available. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Whether you or a loved one is living with ADHD, it is important to understand multiple treatment options exist.

The diagnostic process for ADHD

The diagnosis of ADHD involves a comprehensive evaluation by a psychiatrist. The diagnostic process typically includes gathering information from parents, teachers, and other relevant sources. The psychiatrist will also use rating scales and questionnaires to assess the severity of symptoms. These tests can also help uncover co-existing mental health conditions. It is essential to uncover co-existing conditions such as anxiety disorders, learning disabilities, or mood disorders to avoid misdiagnosis and undertreatment.

Non-medication ADHD treatments

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

CBT is a form of psychotherapy that aims to help individuals with ADHD, regardless of age, learn to identify and challenge negative thought patterns and develop healthy coping mechanisms. Psychiatrists view CBT as a short-term ADHD treatment; lasting between five and 20 sessions. They will employ various types of CBTs while treating a client, but the specifics depend on the client's age, the severity of symptoms, and if they are diagnosed with co-occurring conditions.

Behavioral therapy

This approach focuses on teaching new skills and strategies to manage ADHD symptoms effectively. Parents with an ADHD-diagnosed child will receive training and behavior management techniques to help establish consistent routines, set clear expectations, and provide positive reinforcement. For those with an ADHD-diagnosed spouse, the psychiatrist can provide techniques to help better navigate marriage and cope with the stress resulting from this mental condition.

Alternative lifestyle changes

A psychiatrist will not only provide ADHD treatment in-office, but also they will help the patient establish a routine between sessions. Establishing a routine, maintaining a structured environment, and using visual schedules or reminders can help manage most ADHD symptoms. For example, studies show maintaining a healthy diet that includes whole foods and limits sugar, along with regular exercise, can positively impact those with ADHD.

Medication

Medication can be a valuable tool for comprehensive ADHD treatment plans. The psychiatrist may prescribe stimulants, such as those with amphetamine, methylphenidate, and dextroamphetamine. These medications work by increasing the levels of certain brain chemicals, improving focus and attention. The psychiatrist may also prescribe non-stimulants, such as atomoxetine or guanfacine, for those whose symptoms are not severe enough to warrant stimulants.

Each medication can be prescribed for short-term or long-term use. However, this depends on the patient's dosage and how well they respond to other treatment methods. Sometimes, the psychiatrist may change the type of medication a patient is using as they age, if their brain stops responding to it, or if they revert to the original severity of their ADHD symptoms.