What to Expect When Receiving ADHD Treatment

Getting diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be overwhelming, and trying to find relief even more so. Fortunately, psychiatrists can help find the appropriate ADHD treatment. Understanding what to expect on the journey of ADHD treatment can equip clients and their families to navigate the path to a more fulfilling future.

Receiving a diagnosis

To begin the journey of ADHD treatment, a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional is necessary, ideally a psychiatrist. This may include a comprehensive assessment of symptoms, medical history, familial interviews, and observations of behavior in different settings. Psychiatrists typically use diagnostic criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) for identifying ADHD. ADHD symptoms can manifest differently in each person, and a psychiatric evaluation helps to distinguish between the different ADHD types, disorder alternatives, and possible co-occurring conditions.

ADHD treatments

It is important to note that the phrase "ADHD treatment" refers to managing ADHD symptoms, as there is no cure for the condition. Nevertheless, successful ADHD treatment varies from client to client. Additionally, each plan often involves a combination of different approaches tailored to the client’s specific needs. These include medication, various psychotherapies, and educational interventions for families.

Medication-based treatments

Psychiatrists often use medication-based ADHD treatment in managing moderate to severe symptoms or for those with co-existing disorders. The most common types of medications psychiatrists use for ADHD are stimulants and non-stimulants. Each medication aims to improve attention, reduce impulsivity, and control hyperactivity. These medications work by affecting brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) that play a role in regulating attention and behavior, such as norepinephrine, serotonin, and others.

Those undergoing medication-based ADHD treatment should know they may enter a trial-and-error period when finding an effective medication and dosage. Each medication has its own benefits and risks, which the psychiatrist will guide clients and their families through to mitigate risks and maximize benefits.

Psychotherapy

The main form of psychotherapy the psychiatrist will use is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). While it uses and teaches different techniques, it aims to help clients develop skills to better organize thoughts and manage impulsive behavior. It can also assist in improving problem-solving abilities and building coping strategies while helping clients better understand how their brain operates.

If the client is underage, they likely will need help implementing learned techniques and new structures at home. Therefore, parent training programs can provide guidance and support in managing their child's behavior at home using positive reinforcement. Psychiatrists will also teach parents how to advocate for their child's ADHD treatment plan in other areas of their life. For example, making accommodations in educational settings, such as creating structured routines and providing organizational tools, can help clients thrive in all environments.